内孤立波作用下水下潜器的载荷特性数值分析

为了研究海洋内孤立波作用下潜器的载荷特性,以RANS方程为控制方程,依据Kdv,eKdv和mKdv三类内孤立波理论计算速度入口,建立两层流体中内孤立波与水下潜器相互作用的数值模拟方法,计算分析内孤立波作用下潜器的水平力、垂向力和力矩的变化规律.结果表明,数值模拟得到的内孤立波波形及振幅与其对应理论解和文献中实验结果吻合良好.潜器的受力变化规律与内孤立波波幅、上下层水深比和潜器潜深有关.     

救助船模拟器原型机关键技术研究

针对大风浪条件下救助船操纵训练的要求，有必要开发针对救助船的操纵模拟器。相比于传统的通用船舶模拟器，救助船模拟器原型机系统中引入六自由度平台运动系统，基于UDP协议传输船舶姿态数据实现实时体感模拟功能，可以模拟船舶在大风浪条件下剧烈摇动的操船环境，提高模拟训练的真实感。此外，系统中引入救助作业模拟模块的思想，可以更好地评估、训练船员在恶劣海况下配合其他救助人员完成救助任务的能力，提高执行海上救助任务的成功率与效率。     

一种水下非均质拖曳线列阵动力学仿真方法及试验验证

基于Ablow和Schechter经典差分方法,分析水下非均质拖曳线列阵的受力特性,建立其空间运动控制方程.采用中心差分法和牛顿迭代法对运动控制方程进行离散及时间和空间上的迭代求解,获得水下非均质拖曳线列阵的动力学特性.在此基础上,结合非均质线列阵实尺度模型,设计并开展湖中的实航拖曳试验,分析比较了试验数据与仿真结果.研究表明,本文提出的数学仿真方法有效可靠,可为水下非均质拖曳线列阵动力学特性分析提供一种有效的技术手段.     

舰船开孔流动噪声控制措施研究

基于计算流体软件,采用大涡模拟方法计算了给定来流速度条件下表面开孔的非定常流场,分析了流场的非定常流频谱特性,采用边界元方法模拟了噪声源特征,对各种流动噪声控制措施进行了对比分析.计算结果表明,开孔形式的改变会直接影响流噪声的水平,设计结果可以为舰船流水孔的降噪设计提供参考.     

潜艇垂直发射导弹过程中的不确定因素对操纵控制的影响

潜艇在导弹垂直发射过程中所受的激变力十分复杂,包括导弹弹射出筒的发射反力、高压燃气溢出造成的负压区、导弹出筒与海水灌冲发射筒造成的失重与超重等.在实际发射过程中,这些激变力的大小及其时间特性都具有一定的随机性,因而成为在一定范围内变化的不确定因素.结合潜艇空间运动方程,建立潜艇垂直发射导弹过程的仿真模型,根据数值仿真计算结果,分析不确定因素对导弹发射及潜艇状态挽回控制过程的影响.     

深海平台砰击载荷的数值分析

文章以深海平台为例,研究在迎浪海况的作用下,波浪对平台的砰击效应.将平台简化为大尺度,深吃水,几何形状规则的刚体,采用计算流体力学中的有限体积方法,将计算区域划分为一系列不重复的控制体积,使每个网格节点周围有一个控制体积,求解离散方程,利用流体体积理论捕捉自由表面的波形.依据三阶斯托克斯波波浪理论,利用fluent软件建立相应的数值水槽,并进行造波及消波设置,得到稳定的波浪场.采用固定平台六自由度的方法,初步地对平台所受的波浪砰击载荷进行分析计算.     

利用SPS模拟川气东送管道压气站失效问题

为研究压气站失效与单台机组失效对输气管道的影响程度,采用SPS软件对压气站失效和单台机组失效进行了详细模拟。模拟结果显示:压气站失效与单台机组失效相比对管输系统影响较大;对于压气站失效,越靠近末站的压气站失效对管输系统影响越大;对于单台机组失效,越靠近首站的压缩机失效对管输系统影响越大。分析结果可为事故状态下的供气和抢修提供参考。     

Simulating ad-hoc demand-responsive transportation: a comparison of three approaches

Transport models are used to evaluate new infrastructure and public transport services, varied levels of demand, and new ideas for demand management. Exploring these proposals virtually is easier than implementation and testing in situ. However, existing models are based around traditional forms of transportation. As part of a feature analysis using a case study approach, three different simulation packages (a simple custom-developed package, traffic microsimulation, and agent-based simulation) are used to develop and demonstrate simulations of demand-responsive transportation (DRT) and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each simulation approach for evaluating DRT. While the simulations display some relational replication (meaning they produce similar relational patterns with respect to certain variables), they do not show distributional replication (that is, the value of the results is not statistically similar), meaning that under- or over-estimation of predicted travel could occur. Recommendations for the application of each modeling approach are made.     

Direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem

This paper proposes simple and direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem. It is only necessary to account for random variables independent of link flows by performing a simple transformation of the perceived link travel time with a normal distribution. At every iteration of a Monte-Carlo simulation procedure, the values of the random variables are sampled based on their probability distributions, and then a regular deterministic user equilibrium assignment is carried out to produce link flows. The link flows produced at each iteration of the Monte-Carlo simulation are averaged to yield the final flow pattern. Two test networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithms and the traditional algorithm (the Method of Successive Averages) produce similar results and that the proposed algorithms can be extended to the computation of the case in which the random error term depends on measured travel time.     

Collision course? The North Airfield Safety Study at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX)

The LAX North Airfield Safety Study was undertaken by an Academic Panel consisting of the present authors, and was based in large part on a simulation that was conducted at FutureFlight Central at NASA Ames Research Center. The primary aim of the study was “to estimate as specifically as possible the level of future safety associated with several geometrical configurations of the LAX North Airfield.” This paper describes the study, and how it combined information from human-in-the-loop simulations at NASA with historical data from LAX and other US airports about runway incursions and collisions. The analysis indicated that, even under its existing physical layout, LAX North would experience very low risk of runway collisions at traffic levels projected for 2020. That risk could be reduced by about half if the North Airfield runways were reconfigured, and some reconfigurations would also add appreciably to the operational efficiency of the airport. But because the “baseline” level of risk is so low, the Study concluded that “it would be difficult to construct a compelling case on safety grounds alone for reconfiguring the North Airfield.”